Minnesota One-Party

Licensing & Regulation

Minnesota licenses PIs through the Minnesota Board of Private Detective and Protective Agent Services under Minn. Stat. §326.32 et seq. Applicants must be 18+, have 6,000 hours of investigative experience, pass a written examination, and post a $10,000 surety bond. Renewal is biennial.

Physical Surveillance

Public surveillance is permitted. Minnesota recognizes the privacy tort of intrusion upon seclusion. GPS tracking on a non-owned vehicle is constrained by Minn. Stat. §609.749 (stalking).

Audio & Video Recording Consent

Minnesota is a one-party-consent state under Minn. Stat. §626A.02. The recording party must be a participant.

Domestic, Marital & Infidelity Investigations

Minnesota is a no-fault divorce state. Marital misconduct rarely affects property division. PIs document patterns. Accessing a spouse's accounts violates Minn. Stat. §609.891 (unauthorized computer access).

Cybersecurity, Hacking & Digital Investigations

Minn. Stat. §609.87-609.893 (computer crime) is broad. OSINT is permitted; pretexting is barred.

Missing Persons, Skip Tracing & Harassment

Minnesota BCA coordinates missing-persons cases. DPPA fully applies. Minn. Stat. §609.749 (stalking/harassment) is broad.